Let me begin by saying that I don't expect you to be an expert on footnotes and if you have difficulties with this part of your paper it's not going to bring your grade down from MVG (Mycket Välgodkänd) to IG (Icke Godkänd). But you should begin to familiarize yourself with how footnotes are used. When you use facts or quote directly from a source, you must note this. Since you are making a full list of your references at the end of the paper, the note in the text can be quite short. It will look like this:

([Enough of the first word or words to enable identification of the source in your reference list at the back], [Year published]:[Page number, if applicable])

Examples

...globalization of business generates pressures on the public sector both for efficiency improvements and reductions in scope... (Flynn & Strehl 1996:3)

These five countries make up more than 46% of Sweden's export markets (IMF 1997).

Sweden's budget deficit is less than 3% of BNP (Dagens Nyheter May 4, 1997).

The net debt in Australia is expected to decline over the next few years (The APEC Fiance Ministers Home Page 1997).

Quotations of just a few words may be put in quotes. Somewhat longer quotations should be put in a paragraph by themselves, italicized or in some other way set off from the rest. Very long quotes should not be used.

Examples

Anson Chan is said to be "the conscience of Hong Kong" (Newsweek June 9, 1997:25).

Like any forceful leader, Chan has accumulated an impressive list of enemies. The man she will work for, Hong Kong's Chief Executive Tung Chee-hwa, has welcomed her decision to stay on the job as a mainstay of political stability. (Newsweek June 9, 1997:25)

Go to References to see how to note references within the text (footnotes in the text).

notes
references (periodicals | books | web sites)